Read EACH Students Response
Provide THREE references to support your answer to the student
I dont care of you use the same references to respond to all three students but each answer MUST have three PEER REVIEWED references to support your response on if you agree or dont agree with the students answer to this weeks questions
THREE STUDENT RESPONSES REQUIRE THREE SEPARATE ANSWERS WITH PEER REVIEWED REFERENCES –
LDR 804
ORIGINAL QUESTION – Consider three theories of ethics in a cross-cultural context. Is it possible to create a meaningful global ethical position that would genuinely cross all cultures? Why or why not?
STUDENT 1- GARY
Of the many ethical theories in a cross-cultural context, I examined some I viewed as appropriate for the following question of what creates a meaningful moral position that would genuinely cross all cultures ethical leadership, feminist ethics, and feminist ethics. Ethical leadership revolves around guiding others in a way that upholds their rights and dignity. Given their inherent social power, moral leadership centers on the responsible and conscientious use of this power in decision-making, actions, and their impact on others. (Mitchelson, 2006) Business ethics is a field that examines the activities, decisions, and situations within business where moral principles of right and wrong are considered. The significance of this study is underscored by the increasing power and influence that businesses wield in society today. (Abdullah & Valentine, 2009). Feminist ethics theory strongly emphasizes empathy, fostering healthy social relationships, expressing caring and love for others, and striving to prevent harm. Within an organization, prioritizing the well-being of individuals is regarded as a social imperative rather than being solely driven by profit-oriented motives. (Abdullah & Valentine, 2009) Each of these ethical theories has a place for examining and looking at relationships with others in another way.
Mitchelson, J. K. (2006). A Cross-Cultural Examination of the Endorsement of Ethical Leadership. Journal of Business Ethics, 63, 345-359.
Abdullah, H., & Valentine, B. (2009). Fundamental and ethics theories of corporate governance. Middle Eastern Finance and Economics, 4(4), 88-96.
STUDENT 2- JUSTIN
Global ethical position can genuinely be meaningful if all organizations can be genuine regarding ethical governance. Ethical governance can drive an organization’s operations by supporting procedures and values that do not hinder organizational effectiveness, these characteristics of ethical governance consist of integrity and work accountability. Integrity is an important essence of ethical governance as it is an ethical behavior that is a fundamental pillar of ethical behavior (Sivasubramaniam et al., 2021). This ethical behavior in businesses, or public institutions, can build a brand of transparency to limit unethical behaviors. In higher education institutions, guidelines have been developed to promote quality, integrity, and transparency which successfully limits potential allegations of misconduct (Sivasubramaniam et al., 2021). Successful higher education institutions limit misconduct by pursuing integrity in their ethical governance by demonstrating transparency in policy. Similar to higher education institutions, businesses that use their ethical governance to demonstrate transparency in their policy can develop strong organizational sustainability. Accountability is another important characteristic when it comes to ethical governance, as the accountability of management is vital in any organization. In critical management, there are approaches to defend a multipurpose ethical conception at the expense of accountability (Gersel & Johnson, 2020). Gersel and Johnson (2020) stated that if companies, even with an ethical conception, give up accountability then they continuously impact shareholders' profitability in a destructive manner. Rather, companies should implement accountability which aligns management behaviors with corporate values (Gersel & Johnson, 2020). If an organization can commit to the accountability of management, there can be an equal understanding of values in ethical governance. Then, if all organizations can be equal in their ethical position, global ethical position can be meaningful.
References:
Gersel, J., & Johnsen, R. (2020). Toward a novel theory of rational managerial deliberation: stakeholders, ethical values, and corporate governance. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 19(3), 269–288. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.5465/amle.2019.0198
STUDENT 3- ERIN
As much as I hate to admit it I don't think it is truly possible to have a meaningful global ethical position that crosses all cultures. When looking at the three theories of cross-cultural ethics and what they represent it becomes apparent that creating a position that is truly ethical in all cultures would be almost impossible. The three theories of cross cultural ethics are consequentialism, deontology, and virtue-ethics. Consequentialism is the idea of preforming the actions that will lead to the best outcome regardless of what those actions might be (Howard, 2022). The reason this particular theory would not contribute to a global ethical position is because every culture has a different idea as to what an acceptable outcome would be. For example in some countries it would be considered appropriate to bribe government officials if it meant getting building permits approved while in others it would be highly frowned on, if not punishable by the law. Deontology holds similar complications. Deontologist believe that the right decision is the one you are duty bound to take and as long as you consider your duty and obligations then the action will be moral and ethical (Martin et al., 2021). This ideal that ethical decisions are bound by your obligations and duties makes the definition of ethics and morality vary by culture making it difficult to find agreed upon definitions as morals and ethics vary from culture to culture and group to group. Virtue ethics concerns itself with the intention the individual or groups have when making their decisions and that motivation will vary depending on what is ethically and morally accepted in the individuals societal culture or organizational culture. All of these tenant theories of ethics focus around the perception of what the individual is planning to do, why they are planning on doing it, and what they hope to accomplish. This can lead to a lot of variability as well as ambiguity in what is considered ethical decision making as peoples background and motivation can vary greatly. Because of this it would be almost impossible to create a meaningful global ethical position that could genuinely cross all cultures.
References
Howard, N. R. (2022). Consequentialism and the agent's point of view. Ethics, 132(4), 787-816. https://10.1086/719517
