TOPIC: COPD
I have already completed PART 1 which is attached , for guide. This is Part 2 and must be as continuation of Part 1 , NOT A SEPARATED DOCUMENT
INCLUDE IN PART 2 FROM SECTION 5-9
5. Propose a health promotion program using an evidence-based intervention found in your literature search to address the problem in the selected population/setting. Include a thorough discussion of the specifics of this intervention which include resources necessary, those involved, and feasibility for a nurse in an advanced role. Be certain to include a timeline. (2 paragraph. You may use bullets if appropriate).
6. Thoroughly describe the intended outcomes. Describe the outcomes in detail concurrent with the SMART goal approach. (1 paragraph).
7. Provide a detailed plan for evaluation for each outcome. (1 paragraph).
8. Thoroughly describe possible barriers/challenges to implementing the proposed project as well as strategies to address these barriers/challenges. (1 paragraph).
9. Conclude the paper with a Conclusion paragraph. Don’t type the word “Conclusion”. Here you will share your insights about this strategy and your expectations regarding achieving your goals. (1 paragraph).
Paper Requirements :
Remember, your Proposal must be a scholarly paper demonstrating graduate school level writing and critical analysis of existing nursing knowledge about health promotion.
-3 PAGES PART 2
-REMEMBER THE ASSIGMENT MUST BE A CONTINUATON OF PART 1 NOT A SEPARATED DOCUMENT
-DON'T BE MORE THAN 10 % PLAGIARISM IN PART 2 SECTION
-DUE DATE OCTOBER 12, 2023
Running head: HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL 1
Health Promotion Program Proposal
Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL 2
Health Promotion Program Proposal
A current health problem, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), prevalent in
Miami, Florida, United States, needs to be addressed for the elderly, vulnerable population.
Research done in 2019 indicates that the age-adjusted prevalence of COPD among adults of 18
years and above in Miami was 5.4-95%, and the confidence interval was 4.6-6.2% (CDC.Gov.,
2022). The statistics indicate that the adults in Miami have been affected by COPD for a long
time. Addressing the performance of frequent exercise by elderly persons involved in COPD is a
valid health promotion program that ensures physical status improvement. Without exercise, an
adverse process leads to deteriorating health when persons affected by chronic conditions do not
address their physiological needs (Xiang et al., 2022). Hospitals are the environment where
people expect to receive an improvement in their health and well-being.
For the elderly, receiving instructions to engage in physical activity is a suitable
consideration for managing COPD. Provision of advice by nurse practitioners with advanced
expertise to manage chronic health conditions is imperative since they shall analyze risk factors
for diagnosis, connect patients to suitable doctors, provide advice on interventions for the health
conditions, and store healthcare data so that any risk factors for COPD get eliminated for healthy
persons. Their interaction with elderly persons and provision of appropriate advice will facilitate
guidance of better healthcare outcomes.
Description of the Vulnerable Population
The proposal can be managed using this PICOT question structured as an intervention:
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL 3
For the elderly population (P), does the use of long-term behavior change instructions by
nurses for physical activity and exercise (I) reduce the future risk of handling COPD
rehabilitation (O) compared with taking inhaled steroids (C)?
A risk factor affecting elderly persons is their exposure to smoke, which is common when
they smoke tobacco directly or indirectly (Boudewijns et al., 2018). The patient population of
elderly persons is affected by exposure to different types of smoke, which can be particulate
matter or tobacco smoke, which is taken over time as a habit (Boudewijns et al., 2018). Elderly
persons often find engaging exercise hard since they are at an advanced age, limiting productive
physical activities. Identification of risk factors related to the older population is thus needed for
a results-oriented approach to managing healthcare conditions.
The vulnerability of elderly persons' bodies affects their COPD and makes them more
likely to get diagnosed. For instance, women who have a low body mass index (BMI), smoke
less, and those who are underdiagnosed usually get affected by COPD when it gets discovered
later after progressing (Boudewijns et al., 2018). Exposure to second-hand smoke, indoor air
pollution, and particles from burning biomass fuel are other risk factors for elderly persons of all
genders (Boudewijns et al., 2018). Solving the issue of COPD is possible by addressing social
determinants affecting the selected population of elderly persons. Risk factors include aging,
exposure to burning coal, and a history of childhood respiratory infections (Yan et al., 2023).
Addressing the risk factors prevalent in the elderly population is a suitable method of improving
accurate healthcare improvements.
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL 4
Review of Literature
Activities like walking, aerobic exercises, walking training sessions, engaging in time-
intensive exercise, and improving exercising behavior are effective methods to address the
problem of COPD (Xiang et al., 2022). Social determinants that affect the health of elderly
persons living in Miami, Florida, can expose them to the risk factors mentioned, and the resulting
outcome is COPD. Sociodemographic factors also affect the physiological conditions of persons
involved in COPD since they can get diagnosed and still get exposed to direct or second-hand
smoking and particulate matter from cooking processes (Boudewijns et al., 2018). When elderly
persons do not adhere to suitable social determinants, their health will get adversely affected, and
the issues get worse due to financial resources, lack of lengthy physical movement, and social
connections.
There can be a comparison of handling COPD using inhaled steroids that are effective as
a form of therapy. According to Tashkin Strange (2018), inhaled corticosteroids can manage the
health of persons with declining pulmonary function since they improve breathing. When this
occurs, improving pulmonary function becomes imperative as older persons reach a stage where
their physical needs become as important as their psychological needs. The rate of pulmonary
decline in persons with COPD occurs at an advanced rate that needs to be addressed with proper
expertise in handling the health conditions of elderly persons. There can be improvement in the
quality of lung function for persons with COPD when they take corticosteroids based on the
change in exposure to particles (Tashkin & Strange, 2018). Obtaining advanced improvement in
the health of different persons is possible when they adhere to treatment methods.
Review of the Sources
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL 5
A strength of the source by Xiang et al. (2022) illustrates that the authors performed a
credible study to determine how physical activity increases health and well-being. A strength of
the source by Tashkin & Strange (2018) is that it validates medication use for improving the
health conditions of persons affected by COPD. Researchers have performed careful
pharmacological improvements, ensuring chronic conditions do not limit a person's ability to
engage in social activities. A weakness of the source is that there needs to be a clear explanation
of the mode of performance of steroids for handling COPD since, if administered in high dosage,
it can cause osteoporosis or adrenal suppression.
Appropriate Health Promotion/Disease Prevention Theoretical
Communication about physical activity for managing COPD is the best method of
enhancing accurate healthcare outcomes for the health promotion process since it is inexpensive.
Physical activity is highly effective in improving the quality of life of persons affected by
chronic conditions since non-pharmacologic interventions reduce the risk of occurrence of a
chronic condition, and if a person already has a chronic condition, the result in maintenance of
health status (Xiang et al., 2022). Working with nurses to train members of the elderly population
is a reliable health promotion process since productive healthcare procedures can be managed
when the elderly population integrates behavioral changes. Collaboration among the nurse
practitioners and elderly persons shall be focused on to address the problem.
Most elderly persons are affected by chronic illnesses due to prolonged substance
exposure and lack of physical activity. When this occurs, their bodies become vulnerable to
infections based on reduced immunological competence and complications of their existent
illnesses. The use of the social cognitive theory accurately influences behavioral changes among
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL 6
elderly persons as it affects them to increase control of their health due to advice provided to
them (Islam et al., 2023). Advice about the benefits of physical activity allows recognition of an
older pattern of lack of activity detrimental to elderly persons affected by COPD. Change is
possible when nurse practitioners integrate their expertise in reducing the occurrence of COPD
for those persons found to be healthy and managing physiological status.
HEALTH PROMOTION PROGRAM PROPOSAL 7
References
Boudewijns, E. A., Babu, G. R., Salvi, S., Sheikh, A., & van Schayck, O. C. (2018). Chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease: a disease of old age? Journal of Global Health, 8(2),
020306. https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.08.020306.
CDC.Gov. (2022). County-level Estimates. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/copd/data-and-
statistics/county-estimates.html.
Islam, K. F., Awal, A., Mazumder, H., Munni, U. R., Majumder, K., Afroz, K., Tabassum, M. N.,
& Hossain, M. M. (2023). Social cognitive theory-based health promotion in primary
care practice: A scoping review. Heliyon, 9(4), e14889. https://doi.org/10.1016/
j.heliyon.2023.e14889
Tashkin, D. P., & Strange, C. (2018). What role do inhaled corticosteroids play in the treatment
of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
international journal, pp. 13, 2587–2601. https://doi.org/10.2147/COPD.S172240.
Xiang, X., Huang, L., Fang, Y., Cai, S., & Zhang, M. (2022). Physical activity and chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease: a scoping review. BMC Pulmonary Medicine, 22(1), 301.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-022-02099-4.
Yan, LC., Lu, HY., Wang, XY. et al. (2023). Prevalence and risk factors of frailty in chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Geriatr
Med 14, 789–802. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-023-00800-2.
- Topic: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
